Welcome to our complete city guide to Turkey! If you’re looking to explore the vibrant and diverse cities of Turkey, you’ve come to the right place. From historic towns to coastal gems, Turkey has a wide range of cities to suit every traveler’s taste. Whether you’re interested in exploring ancient ruins, relaxing on stunning beaches, or immersing yourself in cultural experiences, Turkey has something for everyone.
In this comprehensive guide, we will take you on a journey through the best cities in Turkey, each with its own unique attractions and charm. Discover historic cities that transport you back in time, coastal cities with breathtaking views, and cultural centers that showcase the rich heritage of Turkey.
Join us as we reveal the hidden gems and must-visit cities that will make your trip to Turkey truly unforgettable. Get ready to explore Turkey like never before!
Istanbul – Best Place In Turkey For City Slickers
Istanbul, the largest city in Turkey, is an enticing destination that seamlessly blends rich history with modern amenities. Known as the bridge between Europe and Asia, Istanbul is a cosmopolitan hub that attracts city slickers from around the world. Its vibrant international vibe, mouthwatering cuisine, and thriving nightlife make it a paradise for those seeking an urban lifestyle.
One of the advantages of living in Istanbul is the excellent public transportation system. The city offers efficient metro and tram networks that make it easy to navigate and explore. Whether you want to visit historical sites or indulge in the vibrant street life, Istanbul’s public transport ensures convenient connectivity across the city.
Historical Sites in Istanbul
Istanbul is a treasure trove of historical landmarks that bear witness to its captivating past. From the iconic Hagia Sophia and the majestic Blue Mosque to the grand Topkapi Palace, visitors and residents alike can immerse themselves in the city’s rich Byzantine and Ottoman heritage.
Mouthwatering Cuisine
Istanbul’s culinary scene is a feast for the senses. From street food stalls serving delectable kebabs and flavorful mezze platters to upscale restaurants dishing out gourmet delights, the city caters to every palate. Don’t miss the opportunity to indulge in a traditional Turkish breakfast spread or the famous Turkish delight.
Vibrant Nightlife
As the sun sets, Istanbul comes alive with its vibrant nightlife. The city boasts an array of bars, clubs, and rooftop lounges where you can dance the night away or relax with a refreshing cocktail. Whether you prefer trendy hotspots or cozy jazz bars, Istanbul offers a diverse range of options to suit every taste.
Cost of Living in Istanbul
Living in Istanbul does come with a higher cost compared to other cities in Turkey. While groceries and street food can still be affordable, the expense of renting a decent apartment can be higher. It is essential to budget accordingly and explore different neighborhoods to find the right balance between cost and convenience.
Expenses | Monthly Cost (in Turkish Lira) |
---|---|
Rent for a 1-bedroom apartment in city center | 2,500 – 4,000 TL |
Daily groceries (including fresh produce) | 600 – 900 TL |
Dinner for two at a mid-range restaurant | 150 – 250 TL |
Public transportation (monthly pass) | 250 TL |
Crowded and Congested
Being a bustling metropolis, Istanbul can get crowded, especially in downtown areas. During rush hour, the city experiences congestion, which may impact daily commutes. However, the city’s efficient public transportation system can help navigate through the crowded streets and mitigate the traffic woes.
Despite these challenges, Istanbul remains an expat hub with its unique blend of history, culture, and vibrant city life. It offers an exciting and dynamic environment for city slickers looking for an unforgettable experience.
Izmir – Best Place In Turkey For Weekend Warriors
In the vibrant city of Izmir, weekend warriors can find the perfect blend of modern amenities and outdoor adventures. Located on the coast of Turkey, Izmir boasts a balmy climate that attracts both locals and retirees seeking a beachside retreat. With easy access to beautiful beaches, it’s the ideal destination for beach escapes.
Izmir is also a good transport hub, with a well-connected airport offering domestic and international flights. This makes it convenient for weekend warriors to explore other parts of Turkey or embark on exciting travel adventures.
However, it’s important to note that non-Turkish speakers may face language barriers in Izmir, as English is not widely spoken. This can be a challenge for those who rely solely on English to communicate. Additionally, while Izmir offers a high quality of life, there may be a lack of job opportunities compared to major cities like Istanbul and Ankara.
Despite these potential challenges, Izmir’s charm lies in its status as a port city. During the tourist season, the city comes alive with the arrival of cruise ships, creating a lively and bustling atmosphere for visitors and residents alike.
Cost of Living in Izmir
When considering living in Izmir, it’s essential to understand the cost of living. While Izmir offers a more affordable lifestyle compared to cities like Istanbul, it’s still important to budget accordingly.
The cost of living in Izmir can vary depending on factors such as housing, transportation, and dining out. Below is a breakdown of the average monthly expenses for a single person living in Izmir:
Expense | Average Monthly Cost (in Turkish Lira) |
---|---|
Rent (1-bedroom apartment in city center) | 1,500 – 2,500 |
Utilities (including electricity, water, and heating) | 200 – 400 |
Internet | 50 – 100 |
Groceries | 400 – 800 |
Dining out | 200 – 400 |
Transportation (monthly pass) | 120 – 200 |
Entertainment | 200 – 400 |
Keep in mind that these are average costs and can vary based on personal preferences and lifestyle choices.
Exploring Izmir as a Weekend Warrior
As a weekend warrior in Izmir, the city offers a range of activities to keep you entertained and engaged. Here are some of the top attractions and experiences to explore:
- Visit the historic Kadifekale Castle for panoramic views of the city.
- Explore the ancient ruins of Ephesus, located just a short drive from Izmir.
- Indulge in delicious seafood at the vibrant Kordon promenade.
- Take a leisurely stroll along the palm-lined streets of Alsancak.
- Experience the vibrant local culture at the Kemeraltı Bazaar, known for its bustling markets and traditional Turkish products.
- Enjoy a day trip to nearby Çeşme, known for its beautiful beaches and thermal springs.
With its mix of cultural heritage, beautiful coastline, and warm climate, Izmir is a haven for weekend warriors seeking adventure and relaxation.
“Izmir offers the perfect balance of city life and natural beauty. The beaches are stunning, and there’s always something exciting happening in the city. It’s the ideal place for weekend warriors to unwind and explore.” – Local resident
Bodrum – Best Place in Turkey for Beach Bums
Bodrum is a beach heaven in Turkey, attracting beach bums from around the world. With its stunning coastline and vibrant nightlife, it offers the perfect mix of relaxation and excitement. Whether you’re looking for a peaceful day at the beach or thrilling water sports activities, Bodrum has it all.
Beaches for Every Taste
Bodrum is home to a wide variety of beaches, catering to every preference. From long stretches of sandy paradise to hidden coves with crystal-clear waters, beach lovers will find their perfect spot here. Some popular beaches in Bodrum include:
- Yalikavak Beach: Known for its luxury resorts and beautiful sunsets.
- Gumbet Beach: Perfect for water sports enthusiasts with activities like windsurfing and jet skiing.
- Bitez Beach: A family-friendly beach with shallow waters and soft sand.
Thrilling Watersports
If you’re an adrenaline junkie, Bodrum is the place for you. The city is a hub for watersports, offering a wide range of activities to get your heart racing. From windsurfing and parasailing to scuba diving and jet skiing, you’ll never run out of options for adventure on the water.
“Bodrum is a paradise for beach lovers, offering a mix of luxury and affordable accommodations, vibrant nightlife, and thrilling watersports.” – Traveler’s Magazine
Buzzy Nightlife
When the sun sets, Bodrum comes alive with its electrifying nightlife. The city boasts numerous bars, clubs, and beachside venues that offer entertainment until the early hours of the morning. Whether you want to dance the night away or enjoy a relaxing drink by the sea, Bodrum’s nightlife scene has something for everyone.
Great Weather All Year Round
Bodrum enjoys a Mediterranean climate, with hot summers and mild winters. The city experiences over 300 sunny days a year, making it a beach paradise no matter the season. The warm weather allows for year-round outdoor activities and beach lounging, creating the perfect environment for beach bums.
A Vibrant International Crowd
Bodrum attracts a diverse and international crowd, with a large population of expats. The city’s welcoming atmosphere and cosmopolitan vibe make it a popular choice for those looking to live and work in Turkey. You’ll find a melting pot of cultures and backgrounds, adding to the vibrant and inclusive nature of the city.
Whether you’re a beach enthusiast, thrill-seeker, or cosmopolitan soul, Bodrum offers a slice of paradise on the Turkish coast. With its beautiful beaches, watersports activities, buzzing nightlife, great weather, and diverse crowd, Bodrum has everything you need for the ultimate beach getaway.
Planning Your Trip to Turkey: Best Time to Visit and Coastal Attractions
Are you planning a trip to Turkey? Whether you’re a beach lover, history enthusiast, or nature explorer, Turkey has something for everyone. In this section, we will guide you through the best time to visit Turkey and highlight the breathtaking coastal attractions that await you.
When planning your trip to Turkey, it’s important to consider the seasons. Spring and autumn are ideal for pleasant weather and fewer crowds, making it a perfect time to explore the coastal regions. Summers in Turkey are hot, and the beaches become a haven for sun-seekers. On the other hand, winter is a quieter time, offering a tranquil coastal experience.
Turkey boasts a stunning coastline that stretches for thousands of kilometers, with diverse landscapes and pristine shores waiting to be discovered. From the picturesque Turquoise Coast to the vibrant beach resorts of Bodrum and Fethiye, each coastal town offers its own unique charm and attractions.
Imagine basking in the sun on the sandy beaches of Bodrum, exploring ancient ruins in Side, or immersing yourself in the laid-back charm of Kas. Turkey’s coastlines are dotted with breathtaking beaches, historical sites, and vibrant local cultures, providing an unforgettable experience for every traveler.
So, whether you’re dreaming of a summer getaway or a tranquil coastal retreat, Turkey’s coastlines and beaches have it all. Stay tuned for more in-depth information on the coastal attractions and hidden gems that await you in this beautiful country.
Alanya – Beach Paradise on the Turkish Riviera
If you’re dreaming of a beach paradise, look no further than Alanya, located on the stunning Turkish Riviera. This coastal gem offers everything you need for an unforgettable seaside getaway.
Alanya is famous for its beautiful sandy beaches that stretch for miles along the crystal-clear waters of the Mediterranean. Whether you’re looking for a relaxing sunbathing spot or a place to enjoy water activities such as swimming, snorkeling, or jet skiing, Alanya has it all. The pristine beaches of Alanya provide the perfect backdrop for a day of relaxation and fun in the sun.
But Alanya isn’t just about its breathtaking coastline. The city is also steeped in history and boasts impressive ancient ruins. One of the highlights is the medieval Alanya Castle, perched high on a hill and offering panoramic views of the city and the sea below. Explore the castle’s walls and towers, and imagine what life was like centuries ago.
After a day of beach lounging and exploring ancient ruins, Alanya comes alive with its lively nightlife scene. The city is dotted with bars and clubs, offering a vibrant atmosphere where you can dance, socialize, and enjoy live music or performances.
When it comes to accommodations, Alanya doesn’t disappoint. The city is home to luxurious resorts that provide a high level of comfort and relaxation. Whether you’re seeking a beachfront resort with stunning ocean views or a boutique hotel nestled in the heart of the old town, you’ll find a range of options to suit your preferences.
Alanya truly is a beach paradise on the Turkish Riviera, offering a perfect blend of natural beauty, ancient history, lively entertainment, and luxurious accommodations. It’s no wonder that visitors from around the world flock to this coastal gem to experience its undeniable charm.
Side – Where History Meets the Beach
Side is a charming town located on the Turkish Riviera, offering a unique blend of history and beach activities. This picturesque destination is known for its well-preserved ancient ruins that beautifully blend with the stunning coastal landscapes.
The town of Side is home to several historic sites, including the impressive Temple of Apollo and the mesmerizing Temple of Athena. These ancient ruins provide a captivating glimpse into the rich history and cultural heritage of the region.
Aside from its historical significance, Side boasts a wide range of beach activities for visitors to enjoy. Whether you’re looking to soak up the sun, take a leisurely stroll along the sandy shores, or partake in exhilarating water sports, Side’s beaches have something for everyone.
When it comes to dining, Side offers a plethora of options to satisfy your taste buds. From traditional Turkish cuisine to international dishes, local restaurants serve up a delectable array of flavors to suit every palate.
For those looking to indulge in a bit of retail therapy, Side’s charming streets are lined with shops and boutiques offering an assortment of items. From Turkish carpets and ceramics to unique souvenirs, you’ll find plenty to browse and take home as a memento of your visit to Side.
Beach Activities in Side
Beach Activity | Description |
---|---|
Sunbathing | Relax and soak up the sun on Side’s beautiful sandy beaches. |
Water Sports | Try your hand at thrilling activities such as jet skiing, parasailing, and paddleboarding. |
Boat Tours | Embark on a scenic boat tour along the coast and explore hidden coves and idyllic islands. |
Snorkeling and Diving | Discover the underwater wonders of the Mediterranean Sea with snorkeling and diving excursions. |
Beach Volleyball | Engage in some friendly competition with a game of beach volleyball. |
Visiting Side is a delightful experience that seamlessly combines the allure of history with the beauty of the beach. Whether you’re exploring ancient ruins, basking in the sun, indulging in delicious cuisine, or shopping for unique treasures, Side offers a fulfilling and memorable vacation.
Fethiye – A Nature Lover’s Paradise
Fethiye is a town in the Antalya province that offers a range of natural attractions, making it a paradise for nature lovers. The town is surrounded by majestic mountains, offering opportunities for hiking and enjoying breathtaking views.
Take a moment to imagine yourself standing atop a rugged mountain peak, with panoramic vistas of the surrounding landscapes stretching out before you. Fethiye is the perfect destination for outdoor enthusiasts and adventure seekers who long to reconnect with nature. The town is nestled in a picturesque setting, with rolling hills and lush green valleys.
One of the highlights of visiting Fethiye is the abundance of ancient ruins scattered throughout the area. Explore the fascinating Lycian rock tombs, which are carved into the cliffs above the town and offer a glimpse into the rich history of the region. Don’t miss the opportunity to visit the ancient city of Telmessos, where you can wander among the ruins of temples, theaters, and other structures that date back thousands of years.
The town is also renowned for its breathtaking lagoons, such as the famous Blue Lagoon and Butterfly Valley. These tranquil oases provide a refuge for those seeking relaxation and natural beauty. Dive into the crystal-clear waters, unwind on pristine sandy beaches, or simply revel in the serenity of these idyllic locations.
Hiking Trails in Fethiye
If you’re a hiking enthusiast, Fethiye offers a plethora of trails to explore. Lace up your boots and embark on an adventure through the stunning landscapes of the region. Immerse yourself in nature as you traverse ancient paths, encounter diverse flora and fauna, and discover hidden gems along the way.
Here are some popular hiking trails in Fethiye:
- Oludeniz to Butterfly Valley: Embark on a scenic hike from the iconic Oludeniz beach to the enchanting Butterfly Valley, where you can spot exotic butterflies and soak in the natural beauty.
- Lycian Way: This famous long-distance trail stretches for over 500 kilometers, showcasing the best of Turkey’s stunning coastline and offering breathtaking views at every turn.
- Saklikent Gorge: Explore the dramatic Saklikent Gorge, where towering cliffs and icy-cold waters create a spectacular backdrop for a memorable hike.
So, whether you’re seeking a challenging adventure or a peaceful escape into nature, Fethiye is a destination that offers it all. Immerse yourself in the beauty of the outdoors, delve into ancient history, and revel in the serenity of the town’s enchanting lagoons. Fethiye truly is a nature lover’s paradise.
Antalya – Gateway to the Turkish Riviera
Antalya, located on the stunning Turkish Riviera, serves as the perfect gateway to explore the enchanting beauty of this coastal region. With its breathtaking views of the Mediterranean Sea and a plethora of activities to indulge in, Antalya offers an unforgettable experience for visitors.
One of the highlights of Antalya is its beautiful beaches, where visitors can soak up the sun and enjoy the crystal-clear waters. Whether you’re looking for a family-friendly beach or a secluded spot to unwind, Antalya has it all. From the popular Konyaalti and Lara beaches to the serene Kaputas and Patara beaches, there’s a beach for every preference.
For history enthusiasts, Antalya is a treasure trove of ancient ruins and historical sites. Explore the well-preserved remnants of the Temple of Apollo or wander through the ancient theater, which once hosted grand performances. These archaeological wonders provide a glimpse into the rich past of the region and add an element of charm to your visit.
Adventure awaits you in Antalya with its scenic hiking trails. The city is home to the Lycian Way, the longest hiking trail in Turkey. Embark on this epic journey through the Taurus Mountain Range, where you’ll be rewarded with breathtaking views and unforgettable experiences.
The vibrant atmosphere of Antalya is another draw for visitors. Take a leisurely stroll along the narrow streets of the old town, known as Kaleici, and immerse yourself in the local culture. Indulge in traditional Turkish cuisine at the local restaurants or shop for unique souvenirs in the bustling bazaars.
Antalya is a city that truly captivates the senses. From its picturesque beaches and fascinating historical sites to its scenic hiking trails and vibrant ambiance, there’s something for everyone to enjoy in this gateway to the Turkish Riviera.
Kas– A Charming Town with Stunning Beaches
Kas is a charming town located on the Turkish Riviera. It is renowned for its picturesque beaches and relaxed atmosphere, making it the perfect destination for those seeking a tranquil vacation. The town’s crystal-clear waters and beautiful coastline attract beach lovers from all over the world.
Whether you’re looking to bask in the sun, take a refreshing dip, or engage in water sports, Kas has it all. Its pristine beaches provide the ideal setting for relaxation and enjoyment. From sandy stretches to hidden coves, there is a beach in Kas to suit every preference.
Aside from its stunning beaches, Kas offers a vibrant nightlife scene. The town boasts live music venues, cozy cafes, and exquisite restaurants that serve both local Turkish delicacies and international cuisine. Visitors can indulge in the lively atmosphere, savoring delicious food and immersing themselves in the local culture.
Exploring Kas is a delight, with its charming cobblestone streets and traditional Turkish architecture. The town’s unique blend of history and natural beauty is a testament to its rich cultural heritage. Visitors can wander through the bustling markets, browse local handicrafts, and admire historical landmarks.
Popular Beaches in Kas
Beach | Description |
---|---|
Kaputas Beach | A secluded sandy beach nestled between towering cliffs, offering breathtaking views. |
Limanağzı Beach | A tranquil beach surrounded by lush greenery, with calm waters ideal for swimming and snorkeling. |
Big Pebble Beach | A unique beach covered in smooth pebbles, perfect for sunbathing and enjoying the peaceful ambiance. |
Small Pebble Beach | A smaller pebble beach known for its crystal-clear waters and tranquil atmosphere. |
In addition to its natural wonders, Kas is a gateway to remarkable archaeological sites and ancient ruins. The town provides easy access to attractions such as the Lycian Way, Patara Ruins, and Myra Theater.
With its charming character, breathtaking beaches, and lively nightlife, Kas offers an unforgettable experience for visitors. Whether you’re seeking relaxation, adventure, or a taste of Turkish culture, this charming town has it all.
Plan your visit to Kas and discover the perfect combination of natural beauty, history, and laid-back coastal living.
Choosing Your Home in Turkey: Factors to Consider
When choosing a place to settle down in Turkey, there are various factors to consider. These include the cost of living, access to healthcare, safety, and education options. Let’s take a closer look at each of these factors.
Cost of Living in Turkey
The cost of living in Turkey can vary depending on the city and neighborhood you choose. Istanbul, being the largest and most cosmopolitan city, tends to be the most expensive. Other cities like Izmir, Bodrum, and Antalya may offer a lower cost of living while still providing a high quality of life. It’s important to research and compare the cost of housing, transportation, groceries, and entertainment expenses in different locations before making a decision.
Healthcare in Turkey
Turkey has a well-established healthcare system, with both public and private hospitals available throughout the country. Public healthcare in Turkey is generally of a good standard, but there may be long waiting times for non-emergency procedures. Private healthcare, on the other hand, offers shorter waiting times and access to a wider range of services. It’s advisable to have health insurance to cover any medical expenses you may incur while living in Turkey.
Safety in Turkey
Turkey is generally a safe country for expats, with a low crime rate. However, it’s always important to take necessary precautions and be aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded tourist areas. It’s recommended to stay informed about any travel advisories or safety warnings issued by your embassy or local authorities. By exercising common sense and being cautious, you can enjoy a safe and secure life in Turkey.
Education in Turkey
Turkey offers a range of education options, including international schools and universities. International schools provide education in different languages and follow international curriculum standards, making them a popular choice for expat families. Turkish universities are known for their quality education and offer a wide range of academic programs. It’s important to research and consider the educational opportunities available in your chosen city or region.
Factors to Consider | Pros | Cons |
---|---|---|
Cost of Living | Affordable options in cities like Izmir and Antalya | Higher cost of living in cities like Istanbul |
Access to Healthcare | Well-established healthcare system with public and private hospitals | Long waiting times for non-emergency procedures in public healthcare |
Safety | Low crime rate and generally safe for expats | Need to be cautious in crowded tourist areas |
Education | International schools and quality Turkish universities | Limited options in some smaller cities |
In conclusion, choosing your home in Turkey requires careful consideration of factors such as the cost of living, access to healthcare, safety, and education options. By evaluating these factors based on your personal preferences and priorities, you can make an informed decision about which city or region is the best fit for you.
Conclusion
Turkey offers a diverse range of cities to explore and live in, each with its own unique charm and attractions. Whether you are a city slicker, a weekend warrior, or a beach bum, Turkey has something to offer. Istanbul, with its rich history and cosmopolitan vibe, is perfect for those seeking an exciting urban experience. If you prefer a more relaxed coastal lifestyle, Izmir is the place to be. With its beautiful beaches and vibrant nightlife, Bodrum is a paradise for beach lovers. Along the Turkish Riviera, towns like Alanya, Side, Fethiye, and Kas offer a combination of history, natural beauty, and relaxation.
When choosing your home in Turkey, factors such as the cost of living, healthcare, safety, and education should be considered. Each city has its own pros and cons, so it’s important to prioritize your preferences. Overall, Turkey is a country that appeals to a variety of interests and offers a welcoming environment for expats and visitors alike. Whether you’re looking for a bustling metropolis, a laid-back coastal town, or a tranquil beach getaway, Turkey has it all. So pack your bags and explore the best cities in Turkey!
Thank you for reading our Turkey Cities Guide. We hope this comprehensive guide has provided you with valuable insights and inspiration for your future adventures in Turkey. Start planning your trip and discover the wonders this fascinating country has to offer. Explore Turkey now!
FAQ
What are some of the best cities to live in Turkey?
Some of the best cities to live in Turkey include Istanbul, Izmir, and Bodrum.
What makes Istanbul a great place for city slickers?
Istanbul offers a mix of rich history, modern amenities, vibrant nightlife, and mouthwatering cuisine.
What are the pros and cons of living in Istanbul?
Pros of living in Istanbul include a cosmopolitan vibe and excellent public transportation. However, the city can be crowded and the cost of living is higher compared to other cities in Turkey. There can also be congestion, especially in downtown areas and during rush hour.
Why is Izmir a good place for weekend warriors?
Izmir offers a balmy climate and easy access to beautiful beaches, making it a popular destination for weekend getaways.
What are some drawbacks of living in Izmir?
Some drawbacks of living in Izmir include a lack of job opportunities compared to major cities like Istanbul and language barriers, as English is not widely spoken. Izmir is also a busy port city, especially during tourist season.
Why is Bodrum a great place for beach bums?
Bodrum offers beautiful beaches, a buzzing nightlife scene, and a mix of luxury resorts and affordable accommodations.
What are some popular coastal attractions in Turkey?
Popular coastal attractions in Turkey include beach resorts like Bodrum and Fethiye, as well as scenic spots like Ölüdeniz and Kaputaş Beach.
What makes Alanya a beach paradise?
Alanya boasts beautiful sandy beaches, a variety of water activities, ancient ruins like the Alanya Castle, and a lively nightlife scene.
Why is Side known for its historical attractions?
Side is known for its well-preserved ancient ruins, including the Temple of Apollo and the Temple of Athena, as well as its stunning beaches.
What natural attractions can be found in Fethiye?
Fethiye offers a range of natural attractions, including majestic mountains for hiking, ancient ruins like the Lycian rock tombs, and picturesque lagoons such as the Blue Lagoon and Butterfly Valley.
What does Antalya offer as the gateway to the Turkish Riviera?
Antalya offers stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea, beautiful beaches, historic ruins like the Temple of Apollo, and the longest hiking trail in Turkey, the Lycian Way.
Why is Kas a charming town for visitors?
Kas is known for its stunning beaches, cobblestone streets, vibrant nightlife scene, and the opportunity to immerse oneself in Turkish culture.
What factors should I consider when choosing a place to live in Turkey?
Factors to consider when choosing a place to live in Turkey include the cost of living, access to healthcare, safety, and education options.